Hair waver



HAIR wAvER Filed Jan.

16 1929 2 SheeS-Sheet 2 `Fume 14, 1932. B. A. sTERLiNG 1,862,721

HAIR WAVEF.

Filed Jan. le, 1929 .2 sheets-sheet 1 Patented June 14, 1932 PATENT GFFIC'E BERNARD A. STERLING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS HAIR WAVER Application led January 16, 1929. Serial No. 332,831.

This invention relates to hair wavers and particularly to hair wavers for producing the Croquignole Wind type of wave, well known in the art.

According to this method of waving, the

hair is divided into locks, usually of generally rectangular configuration. Considering the winding of an individual lock, a protector is then applied to the lock of hair, up close to the scalp. This protector protects the scalp from the heat which is applied. A curler is then applied to the outer end of the lock of hair and the hair is wound upon this curler from the outer end of the lock towards the scalp. It is old in the art to then rotatably mount the curler, with the hair thereon, upon the protector and to turn or rotate the mounted curler to tension the wave. It is also old to provide rachet means for holding the curler against unwinding,

and it is old to make the protector so that t may be clamped upon the hair, to give the wave the proper direction and prevent any pull upon the scalp, as the tension is applied.

As heretofore constructed, these wavers have, however, been diflicult to operate. The matter of fastening the clamping jaws of the protector together has required a separate, deliberate operation and the matter of releasing this fastening means has been dilicult and tedious. In order to turn the curler after application to the protector, a separate key has usually been required and the matter of releasing the ratchet or holding means for the curler has also been diilicult and te* dious, yand usually with discomfort to the patron. While it is also old to provide the jaws of the protector with rubber facings, the previous mountings for these facings have usually impaired the resiliency and life of the facing.

According to my invention, the operation of the Waver is simplified; Operations heretofore required are eliminated and the Waver is applied more quickly and more convenientl The jaws of the protector are provided7 with fastening means, which operate automatically as said jaws are closed and without a separate deliberate operation, as n heretofore. This jaw fastening means is also released more conveniently and expeditious ly. The ratchet or holding means for the cui-ler is improved and the matter of releasn lng this ratchet or holding means is also improved and without discomfort to the patron. 5:; An improved mounting for.v the rubber or other yieldable faces for the protector jaws is also provided.

The advantages of thesel features and the other features of novelty of my invention 6o w1ll be apparent from the following detailed description and illustration of a specific embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a top plan view of a device embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view, showing the lmanner of application to the hair;

Figure 3 is an elevational view of one end of the device;

Figure 4 is an elevational view of the opposite end of the device;

Figure 5 is a side' elevational view;

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section, taken on the line 6 6 of Figure l;

Figure 7 is a horizontal section, taken on the line 7 7 of Figure 5, with the curler removed; and v Figure 8 is a transverse section, taken on the line 88 of Figure l and showing the ap` 80 plication of a heater to the device.

Referring to the dra-wings, the device shown comprises a protector 5 and a curler 4.

'lhevprotector- 5 comprises a pair of fiat, rectangular blocks 6, preferably of wood, al- 85 though they may be of fiber or anyl other suitable heat insulating material. The surfaces 7 which are presented to the scalp are, preferably, provided with sheet rubber, or other suitable coverings 8, and felt, or other suitable heat insulating pads 9, are prefer ably interposed between the coverings 8 and the blocks 6.

The outer surfaces of the blocks 6 are pro- 95 vided with cross-ribs 10 and superposed upon these cross-ribs 10 are the relatively thin metallic plates 12 and 13. The plates 12 and 13 are secured to the respective blocks 6 by suitable fastening means 14 and the ribs 10 00 lprovide air spaces 15 between each plate and its associated block.

The adjacent longitudinal edges of the plates 12 and 13 are provided with transverse cuts 18, forming a pluralit of freed and separate lugs along the inner e" ge of each plate 12 and 13. j Alternate lu s 19 along the edge of each plate are turne or offset upwardly and the alternate lugs 20 therebetween are turned or offset downwardly to form a longitudinal pocket 21 for supporting a rubber or other yieldable facing piece 22 along the clamping face of each block 6. The adjacent ed es of the outer surfaces of the blocks 6 may Ee grooved at 24 to accommodate the lugs 20, if desirable. The facing strips 22, preferably, comprise strips of relatively live ielding rubber, although any other equivalent material may be employed and these strips 22, which are of generally rectangular sectlon, may be held by their own resilience in the grooves 2l and between the lugs 19 and 20. The meeting surfaces of the strips 22, preferably, project from the lugs 19 and 20, as shown at 26 in Figure 8, to provide yieldable facings beyond the free ends of the lugs 19 and 20 and without interference with or impairment thereby.

The meeting edges of the facing strips 22 may be flanged outwardly, as shown. The alternate osetting and downsetting of the lugs 19 and 20 provides spaced gaps along the strips 22 and the strips are freed and open to the atmosphere or aerated along these gaps. This maintains the strips 22 live and in good resilient condition, greatly augmenting the action and increasing the life of the yielrdable jaw facings.

At one end, the strip 12 is provided with a lateral tab 30, which is pivoted at 31 to the adjacent end of the strip 13. The pivot 31 forms a hinge connection between the blocks 6, which, with the yieldable facings and bottom coverings, constitutes the jaws of the protector 5. The lateral tab has an integral tongue 32, which is struck up normal thereto and provided with an open fork 33 for rotatably supporting the adjacent end of the curler 4. At its opposite end, the plate 12 is provided with an integral tongue 34, which is turned up normal to the plate 12 and provided with' an aperture 35, in which the pin or reduced projection 36 at that end of the curler 4 is rotatably jouirnalled upon mounting the curler upon the protector. The aperture 35 is preferably in alignment with the open fork 33. Adjacent the journalled end 36 of the curler, the plate 12 is provided with a lateral tongue 38, which, as the jaws of the protector are closed, moves between a pair of tongues 39 formed integral with the plate 13 and converging from the tongue 38, so that as the tongue 38 moves between the ton s 39, said cooperating tongues will gui e the jaw blocks 6 and other parts properly together and maintain the proper relative positions thereof.

Pivoted upon the outer end of the plate 13, as for example, upon a pin 40, disposed with its axis normal to the plane of the plate 12, is a detent arm 43. The pin 40' may 'be mounted by means of a tongue formed integral with the plate 13 and turned up therefrom with its upper end turned parallel with vthe plate 13 and with the opposite ends ofthe pin 40 suitably secured in the plate- 13 and in the inturned upper portion 44 of the tongue 45. One end of the detent arm 43 overlaps the upstanding tongue 34 and is provided with an integral catch 48 which, as the jaws of the protector are closed, snaps automatically into an aperture 49 in the tongue 34. The edge 50 of the catch 48 is preferably, inclined or formed as shown or in an equivalent manner so that as the block 6 carrying the plate 12 is swung to a closed position, its inner edge will cam the detent arm 43 outwardly, whereupon the jaw carrying the plate 12 will close past the catch 48, until the aperture 49 comes into register with said catch 48 whereupon the catch will automatically spring `nto this aperture and firmly and securely hold the jaws of the protector closed. The detent arm 43 has the integral tongues 52 pivotally mounting the same upon the pivot pin 40 and the detent arm extends in the opposite direction from the pivot 4() and forms `a finger piece 53, between' which and a cooperating finger piece 54 struck up from the plate 13, a suitable spring 55 is interosed. The spring 55 is shown as comprising a flat strip turned around the pivot 40 and bearing at its free end against the ,fixed finger piece 54 and the finger piece 53 of the detent arm.

The spring 55 normally holds the arm 43 in the position shown in Figure 7 and the catch 48 is conveniently released from the aperture 49 to permit opening the jaws of the protector by grasping the finger pieces 53 and 54 and exerting a slight pressure which will swing the arm 43 about the pivot 40 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in F igure 7, sufficiently to free the catch 48 from the aperture 49. One side of the spring 55 is. preferably, provided with integral tongues 58, whichl abut the adjacent portions of the tongue 45 and tend to hold the spring properly positioned.

The curler 4 comprises a solid metal spool '-5' or reel 60, preferably of circular section and diminishing in diameter from its opposite ends towards the center. The spool 60, which is preferably made of aluminum, although this may vary, is splayed at diametrically opposite sides of one end, at 61, and a saddlelike retainer 62 is provided at one end with projecting tongues 63, which are pivoted upon the splayed side 61, as by means of a cross-pin 64. The retainer 62 is curved to conform with the periphery of the spool 60 and is adapted to be swung open into` the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 6 and into closed position upon the spool, with the strands of hair held between the spool and the retainer. One end of the spool 60 is provided with an integral axial pin 36, which is adapted to be inserted into and rotatably held in the opening in the tongue 34 and the opposite end of the spool is providedx with an integral reduced stem 68, which, when the curler is mounted upon the protector, is rotatably held in the open fork 33.

The stem 68 is enlarged outwardly of the fork 33 at 69 and grooved or slotted diametrically at 70 for the reception of a wing-like finger piece 72, `which may be secured therein by a pin 73. The finger piece 72 forms the key for turning the spool 60 ,and this key thereby constitutes a unitary part of the spool, which eliminates the necessity of inserting and removing separate keys.

At its o posite end, the spool 60 has teeth or splines g5, preferably milled or otherwise formed directly therein and these splines 75 form a holding ratchet, which cooperates with a spring pawl 76 mounted upon the adjacent end of the ,plate 12. The pawl 76 is preferably formed of a thin strip of spring yor yielding metal and is secured at 78 to the plate 12. From its angularly mounted end, the pawl strip 'Z' 6 extends up and is turned in at its upper end at 79 for cooperation with the ratchet'teeth 75 of the spool 60. The cooperation of the upper end of the pawl 79 with the ratchet teeth 75 is as viewed in Figure 3, such that the pawl will yieldingly ride over the teeth 75 and permit turning of the spool 60 in a clockwise direction, but will engage the teeth as shown and prevent unwinding or'turning of the spool in the op osite direction.

or the purpose of releasing the pawl 76, this pawl is provided with an integral finger piece 82, which may be conveniently engaged with the finger and, by a slight pressure, swung outwardly into the dotted line position shown yin Figure 3, thereby releasing the ratchet-holding end 79 from the teeth 75 and permitting unwinding of the spool or removal of the spool or curler from the protecting clamp without any pull on the scalp or other discomfort to the patron.

Thecovering pieces 8 and insulating pads `9 may be glued, pasted, or otherwise secured to the surfaces 7 of the blocks 6.

In use, the desired number of strands or lock of hair is separated out. The jaws of the protecting member 5 are swung to open position about the pivot 31, the detent 43 having been first released by a slight pressure uponthe linger piece 53, which may be conveniently applied. The lock of hair which is, preferably, of generally rectangular configuration, is then arranged between the jaws of the protector and these jawsv are then closed upon the hair, the fastener or detent 43 automatically engaging with the closing of the jaws and holding the protector clamped upon the lock of hair up close to the scalp, as shown in Figure 2. With the protector thus clamped in place, the retainer 62 of the curler is swung away from the spool 60, the curler being det-ached from the protector at this time. The outer end of the lock of hair is then wound or laid upon the spool 60 and the retainer is closed upon the hair, which is then wound or wrapped around the retainer 62 and spool 60 and upon itself, from the outer end of the lock towards the scalp. Upon winding the hair in this manner, up to the protector, the curler is rotatably mounted in the protector, as shown, and the mounted curler, with the hair thereon, is then turned or rotated by means of the key 72 to tension the wave. The cooperating ratchet and pawl means 75 and 76 hold the curler against unwinding and the spool 60 in any wound position in which it is released.

Upon thus tensioning the hair, the heaterl shown more or less illustratively at 90 may be applied. This heater 90 is shown of the spreadable jaw type, well understood in the art and it is to be understood that this or any other suitable heater may be employed. The heater per se forms no part of the present invention, but the heater shown is for the purpose of illustrating one form of heater in embracing relation about the wound and tensioned strands of hair upon the waving de vice.

Upon completion of the wave, the heater 90, which is shown as an electric heater, with the conductors 92, is removedand the ratchet is then released by a very convenient and slight pressure upon the linger piece 82. This release of the ratchet permits the winding spool to be removed or detached from the protector without pull upon the scalp or other discomfort to the patron and then by grasping the finger pieces 53 and 54 and a slight pressure upon the finger piece 53, which may be conveniently applied, the detent arm 43 is released and the jaws of the protector may be opened and the protector removed from the waved lock of hair. The releasing movement of the spring pawl 76 may be limited by a stop 95 on the upstanding tongue 34, in order to prevent this pawl from beingsprung out unnecessarily in releasing same from the ratchet means on the curler.

I do not intend to be limited to the precise details shown or described.

I claim:

1. A hair Waver comprising a protectin clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising -pivoted jaws, fastening means comprising an apertured tongue and a spring pressed piv said detent oted detent arm engaged automatically by the closin of said jaws for holding same closed, am? means on said jaws for rotatably supporting the curler with the hair wound thereon.

2. A hair Waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising pivoted jaws, fastening means engaged automatically by the closing of said jaws for holding same closed, said fastening means comprising a tongue disposed substantially normal to one of said jaws and provided with an aperture, and a detent pivoted on an axis substantially normal to the other jaw and provided with a catch engageable in said aperture.

3. A hair Waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising pivotedA jaws, fastenin means engaged automatically by the closin of said jaws for holding same closed, said fastening means comprising atongue disposed substantially normal to one of said jaws and provided with an aperture, a detent pivoted on an axis substantially normal the other aw and provided 'with a catch engageable in said aperture,

a spring urging said catch into engagement with said aperture, and means on said jaws for rotatably supporting the curler with the hair wound thereon.

4. A hair Waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising pivoted jaws, fastening means for holding said jaws closed, said fastening means comprising a ton e disposed substantially normal to one o said jaws and provided with an aperture, a detent pivoted on an airisI substantially normal the other jaw and provided with a catch` engageable in said aperture, having a finger piece extending laterally from the adjacent jaw, a cooperating finger ing laterally in position to be grasped with said first finger piece, a spring disposed between said finger pieces for urging said catch into engagement with said aperture, and means on said clamp for rotatably supporting the curler with the hair wound thereon.

5. -A hair Waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising pivoted jaws, fastening means comprising an upstanding apertured tongue, and a pivoted detent adapted to be engaged automatically by the closing of said jaws for holding same closed, means on said jaws for rotatably supporting the curler, and means on one of said jaws for holding said curler against turning in one direction.

6. As an article of manufacture, a hair curler comprising a spool having reduced portions at opposite ends for rotatably journalling the spool, a retainer pivoted upon the spool and swingable into and out of cooperation therewith, and an integral key on piece fixed on said jaw and extendsaid s ool beyond one of said reduced portions or turning the spool.

7. A hair waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising a pair of jaws each consisting of a generally flat block surmounted by a flat metal plate, ne of said plates having a tongue struck u from one end and provided with an open forli for journalling one end of the curler, and a tongue turned up from the opposite end and provided with a journalling opening for the opposite end of the curler.

8. A hair Waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising a pair of jaws each consisting of a generally fiat block surmounted by a flat metal plate, one of said plates having a tongue struck up from one end and provided with an open, fork for j ournalling one end of the curler, a tongue turned up from the opposite end and provided with a journalling opening for the opposite end of the curler, and a fastener pivoted on the other plate and cooperating with said last upturned tongue for holding the jaws closed. j

9. A hair waver comprising a protecting clamp and a curler, said clamp comprising a pair of 'aws each consisting of a generally flat bloclr surmounted by a flat metal plate, one of said plates having a tongue struck u from one end and provided with an open for for j ournalling one end of the c'urler, a tongue turned up from the opposite end and provided with a journalling o ening for the opposite end of the curler, a astener ivoted on the other plate and cooperating with said last upturned tongue for holding the jaws closed, and a spring pawl on said first plate and engageable with the eurler for holding same in wound position in said journals.

l0. A hair Waver coniprisin a protecting clamp consisting of a jaw mem er surmounted by a flat metal plate having lateral lugs along one edge, said lugs being offset alternately upwardly and downwardly from the edge of said plate, and a yielding strip secured between said lugs and forming a facing for the edge of said jaw member.

ll. A hair waver comprising a protecting clamp consisting of a jaw member surmounted by a. flat metal plate having lateral lugs along one edge, said lugs being offset alternately upwardly and downwardly from the edge of said plate, and a yielding strip secured between said lugs and projecting from and flanged outwardly of the edge of said plate to form a facing for the edge of said jaw member.

l2. As an article of manufacture, a hair wavin spool having journals at its opposite ends For journalling the spool for turning movement and a key constituting an integral unitary part of said spool and disposed beyond one of said journals for turning the spool.

13. As an article of manufacture, a hair waving spool having inte ral journals at its opposite ends for journaling the spool for rotary movement and a key constituting an integral unitary part of one of said journals for turning the spool.

14. As an article of manufacture, a hair Waving spool having integral journals at its opposite ends for journalling the spool for rotary movement and a key constituting an integral unitary part of one of said journals for turning the spool, said spool having longitudinally disposed peripheral serrations adjacent the other of said journals.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.

BERNARD A. STERLING. 

